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Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) is a widely used basal medium for supporting the growth of many different mammalian cells. Cells successfully cultured in DMEM include primary fibroblasts, neurons, glial cells, HUVECs, and smooth muscle cells, as well as cell lines such as HeLa, 293, Cos-7, and PC-12. The original formulation contained 1000 mg/L of glucose and was used to culture embryonic mouse cells. Since it has been modified and the glucose levels have been raised to 4500 mg/L. DMEM uses a sodium bicarbonate buffer system, and therefore requires a 5-10% CO2 environment to maintain physiological pH. A variety of DMEM is available for a range of cell culture applications.
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